- 清水、预制、装饰混凝土及GRC裂缝的成因、预防与处理
- 郭学明
- 703字
- 2021-11-12 11:46:23
建筑类型
1.清水混凝土建筑
2.装配式建筑
3.装饰混凝土建筑表皮
4.GRC建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-MOItXClRdmnBH00ds60ShGL6CfC0aoq6-0-754d886841f5132ab1e43542440f0895)
图C-1 纽约清水混凝土超高层公寓
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-gtNRfqUU27euhJuYOx9uvD0zVcnYO6G7-0-20c10ac7242ac9bbe7db5e12e7a1d250)
图C-2 沈阳春河里装配式高层住宅
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-a8yGMCihXSo8rC6zl6OdqIYcifA1dSdJ-0-a2e4ccf737c97e2088e6f2b33cc08440)
图C-3 加拿大卡尔加里大学装饰混凝土建筑表皮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-QR2bDRREzGm1YJiD5plOG13xTUWyjtne-0-9b9f80692e2af562fccf06768d254ba4)
图C-4 装饰混凝土质感
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/2_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-zpNRcTVEZHfy3bYcCcL2m9nlsHcj91cc-0-213931dda7efb27094ecb266b3b1810a)
图C-5 张家口冬奥会体育馆GRC建筑表皮
龟裂与不规则裂缝
5.龟裂
6.不规则短裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-026K9XvSwCGcFs6PQrcIIri5dIefnIMR-0-69b80916a57cbae99be6ce3a2517745b)
图C-6 凝缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-DaXydkxrf0vrIGhwOdQSjsKqXzDFjSzr-0-5fded088ab5fda37fe7cbe1df59659b5)
图C-7 预制混凝土早期失水收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-emjOIWidlZyfBeLtl1iKPgD1RTFMTVDS-0-b858659c7e926d8e208aff443d990a2b)
图C-8 纽约吉普斯湾公寓碳化收缩龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-oKyv80xq99axZhfTpF1lmmhULJMgkcBh-0-fd4f88d8266976782f2a41c7ad7e54db)
图C-9 上海喜马拉雅中心“碱-骨料反应”龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-iMAjAWnsT2wbwgpIRoZgD62bUyG4D45E-0-df69fdaadb3ed3432799116a6eefc230)
图C-10 GRC龟裂
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-B4XdpOZI3Depq8BPgvCPg2gcJr247RTc-0-e48dfe7c4b8605c8340b958989ab40dc)
图C-11 装饰混凝土不规则裂缝
冻融、钢筋锈蚀、装饰混凝土裂缝
7.冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-z37TmEwQ6HTYhPASEF49sRGOGHHTIU72-0-395a5c8aa5698aae94bd4328eb8fcfcc)
图C-12 剥离性冻融裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-Uqe50dYFvryaQluznhB0fMzguy2GgFLD-0-cc6ebe4d1db5f625f387185b15d39b26)
图C-13 装饰混凝土表面酥松冻融破坏
8.钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-VAP3SgOlwc70Rfuxtf8quZ3kxhlree6U-0-aec0ff9235fa042228ffaf48ec11fc90)
图C-14 海边柱子钢筋锈蚀裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-mPAvKSbCI9BeXPV2BP0B4iNC1OkbWnim-0-e075486b2372a0154bbe9f8d89748d87)
图C-15 曲面混凝土墙钢筋锈蚀裂缝
9.装饰混凝土裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-PuckpppTgV5b63DseEWJhOfD51P3AjYi-0-6caa80d6e0d4052b5d74270fb0e4c308)
图C-16 装饰混凝土构件穿透洞缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-zIlVmwNEPg1cSbbaj3dtBi1VSttREjDz-0-25307e5edce85ea8f68119ff010ab229)
图C-17 装饰混凝土板横向裂缝
应力集中裂缝
10.应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-o2G3hBQl4mxl399GEx89nGMfH9eplnv9-0-10af521c040a1b2bf44f19a955833a91)
图C-18 清水混凝土对拉螺栓孔应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-oZmcqO2SvgwF4D6gsOxlb400OoSPM053-0-faa62f9587f53cfc8ee905c62d7f0d4f)
图C-19 对拉螺栓孔连通裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-cV3bNWR2f9UZOQfWRwckOXawAq4nL5hJ-0-572fb81dcb91da9c50b3952fd886167d)
图C-20 预留洞口应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-pMANE2eKD4TDSwTPM7INJaQB1hqll17L-0-668f96c5ad562cee0b17c93b8d352c9a)
图C-21 预埋件螺母应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-cyID3cpb6JMDh6SbJa4u1S9sDXFlhgC2-0-c9af6862927bd0c3012f0129921e71c0)
图C-22 楼梯转角应力集中裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-Sdi624vLgDnRws5gAqWsY023vdMQln1o-0-5df4baad5bb85d4fab5e603281633b76)
图C-23 形体变化处应力集中裂缝
现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
11.现浇混凝土墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-ce74aPpIb3zdbpiAWuDzEKetMedOke2C-0-abc93b7e2f833448f8412837f539db4c)
图C-24 现浇清水混凝土长墙裂缝,一段距离一道裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-XqnXSLpwzNjMr9hxAvL8WzG1UIZHdT58-0-7f195676ea579195396d310f9852fe24)
图C-25 清水混凝土长墙严重的竖向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-nVMQoz9mgxwPp9IZMKAFslOS8nN1Oivs-0-e331bfe498ebe8e3ff0c3098a4473fd8)
图C-26 端部刚性约束墙体裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-O8kT6N6oDrjKFeBGB4yy46EebVfuLo31-0-04dbcef8b224dedede69140397992f7b)
图C-27 清水混凝土墙体斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-U5hHflLu7kao0WjHvvXGFBZjwsUSxdkG-0-66069b70d03ed9f38b3d4c4251203bbf)
图C-28 曲面墙洞顶裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-26t9kEKNq3Jr2cjuH27Tr1sQUd35YXNL-0-2c84f2fc03fbebecdf2f45085d48ede2)
图C-29 墙体局部约束裂缝
现浇柱、梁、板裂缝
12.现浇柱、梁、板
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-E8PAIHqSkYrtmpwDrzY0cRkLeYlXHfyq-0-40170365c91d78960f536f34e4365321)
图C-30 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-EEYr9YpdwATpB6JFmpim3R0hMYjGo4Mb-0-a8cdcefdf97676e5b40f725ba77d81c1)
图C-31 柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-wKEyn7WDmObvUP21WP7EF46Rx8jKJCkI-0-26a38e1e58b3201042e0e0239564c2af)
图C-32 施工因素柱子横裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-uQhnk8KhRf2PEKBUDwEupVZRFpLhXkY4-0-f97242dc77a070cc54c088a5372314dc)
图C-33 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-akfDT0KPou6thz5HRdMR4J2PcCbetqOB-0-fea7d720c30a9a4919f6fee1c9242e7a)
图C-34 梁裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-J6GaWJiIKSwcnvVJLEbch4wznXupvNzG-0-6a4bbb3a3d959567acc1ba2315012710)
图C-35 墙板裂缝
PC构件裂缝
13.PC构件裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-iIcVbTw7DYMtAKliGjJQhlQC9HM68I4N-0-033d89b3e29c30e6e52c2b3827314f97)
图C-36 构件脱模时裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-vMUL4rakma0QkB2kIZHvlGlBYFXsMYgG-0-71cd9741bb4199602f39ff7896cf7fb8)
图C-37 叠合板顶纵向裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-qPzGj2iVfJUdt7xYS7ofg680YDPp81yU-0-d3dc319d1d7138496b6075ad9b5e43f6)
图C-38 预埋管筒处裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-OpObafvI06Hoo1jVDSAHVNo4KVqyELbt-0-dc8f4be85179af8f238df4f5dbd11f6a)
图C-39 吊点部位裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-TMh9BWYGn1hFlEdPpkw5dcBIr2IMYruE-0-5fd33ce0eb8a6e1be61af9205eee961c)
图C-40 楼梯踏角脱模裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-Bn1XapA7Nf7xoSiNwRDbcoes5m3zJBKn-0-6a9010c2241d9419ef85a011189fffca)
图C-41 存放产生的裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8_07.jpg?sign=1739584689-gj3rD3Ms9dSpCwgTUE5V685J1wCpMKGH-0-d4434ef31a13dbef7c6a3c55c06d1400)
图C-42 叠合板安装后的裂缝
GRC裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_01.jpg?sign=1739584689-ggZSmj9wy5LWM9LrlwQMyBdqr5bHv4wn-0-50a59deae50fc6e3b8b8d40e48400a34)
图C-43 形体与节点刚性约束作用裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_02.jpg?sign=1739584689-jd7Wxexzjftq6tl6ZwVUTYmzLzghswxK-0-1f1f28b0e54bd94a2bc4e689c76ab050)
图C-44 节点刚性约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_03.jpg?sign=1739584689-ZFFZftONAT9YeRh3luxinlpLX3yBt4HD-0-4b070df58952ade04e2f5971558c7d99)
图C-45 干湿变形收缩被约束裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_04.jpg?sign=1739584689-fEGJk1k2Wp55xea4sRMtkxMdsfQt8SNI-0-c1ca9df97712b5e021714184a17b94de)
图C-46 主体结构变形作用斜裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_05.jpg?sign=1739584689-67PHfPNHS5xvceX268YeGNLV8A0TB7CE-0-e60c66935064296e070375083a0972ce)
图C-47 构件边缘裂缝
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/18B83D/21570844201311906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9_06.jpg?sign=1739584689-LQyVy6VC11J4zvVGaWcaibUCwayHELLY-0-3ef1fcb4d16e93cf36f356a3d7475c44)
图C-48 构件接缝裂缝